Dyscalculia (not the same thing as acalculia) is defined as a specific neurological-disorder affecting a person's ability to understand and/or manipulate numbers. Dyscalculia can be caused by a visual perceptual deficit. Dyscalculia is often used to refer specifically to the inability to perform operations in math or arithmetic, but is defined by some educational professionals as a more fundamental inability to conceptualize numbers themselves as an abstract concept of comparative quantities. It is a lesser known disability, much like and potentially related to dyslexia and dyspraxia. Dyscalculia occurs in people across the whole IQ range, but means they often have specific problems with mathematics, time, measurement, etc. Dyscalculia (in its more general definition) is not rare. Many of those with dyslexia or dyspraxia have dyscalculia as well. There is also some evidence to suggest that this type of SpLD is partially hereditary.
The word dyscalculia comes from Greek and Latin which means: "counting badly". The prefix "dys" comes from Greek and means "badly". "Calculie" comes from the Latin "calculare", which means "to count". That word "calculare" again comes from "calculus", which means "pebble" or one of the counters on an abacus. Dyscalculia is a maths impairment which often goes together with a number of other restrictions, such as spatial insight, reading time, bad memory, orthography problems, lack of insight. There are indications that it is a congenitally hereditary impairment, with a neurological context. Dyscalculia concerns both children and adults:
Dyscalculia can be detected at a young age and measures can be taken to ease the problems faced by the younger students. The main problem is understanding the way mathematics is taught to children. In the same way that Dyslexia can be dealt with by a slightly different approach to teaching so can dyscalculia. Dyscalculia is the lesser known of these types of learning difficulties and so is often not picked up. A child can be left very frustrated with a learning difficulty such as this as in some cases they are incredibly good at languages and subjects related with their only frustrations lying with maths. The numbers can become jumbled in their head or the concepts confused.
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